M23 Rebels Offensive in DR Congo (2025)
Following a lightning onslaught, the rebel forces of M23 movement allegedly backed by Rwanda took control of nearly the whole city of Goma, a vital hub for the trade of minerals in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, in late January 2025.

DR Congo Takes Rwanda to African Court Over Eastern Conflict

© Photo X / @CoalitionAfCHPRThe opening ceremony of the African Court's 2025 judicial year at the African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights Headquarters in Arusha, Tanzania.
The opening ceremony of the African Court's 2025 judicial year at the African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights Headquarters in Arusha, Tanzania. - Sputnik Africa, 1920, 04.02.2025
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The case, which accuses Rwanda of backing M23 rebels in eastern Congo, marks the first time an African Union member state has formally sued another at the court, according to media. The conflict in Kivu Province has intensified in recent weeks, leading to mass casualties and mass displacement.
The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is set to face Rwanda in a landmark trial at the African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights on February 12 in Arusha, Tanzania.
Ahead of the trial, the DRC’s National Human Rights Commission (CNDH) and over 500 human rights organizations are mobilizing to provide evidence of war crimes, crimes against humanity, and violations of international law committed in eastern Congo.
Deputy Justice Minister Me Samuel Mbemba emphasized that Rwanda’s role in the conflict is undeniable, citing UN reports and eyewitness accounts confirming Rwandan military presence. The DRC government is pursuing justice on military, diplomatic, and legal fronts to hold Rwandan authorities accountable for alleged atrocities, including massacres, sexual violence, and resource exploitation, the CNDH said.
The case is seen as a major test for the African Court's ability to mediate conflicts and uphold justice within the continent.
Corneille Nangaa, the head of the Congo River Alliance coalition of rebel groups, which includes M23, speaks at a press conference at the Serena Hotel on January 30, 2025 in Goma, Democratic Republic of Congo.   - Sputnik Africa, 1920, 04.02.2025
M23 Rebels Offensive in DR Congo (2025)
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The DRC filed a court application in August 2023 against Rwanda at the African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights, accusing it of supporting the M23 rebel group and violating human rights during an ongoing conflict in eastern DRC since 2021. The DRC alleges that Rwanda’s involvement has led to massacres, the displacement of over 520,000 people, the destruction of schools and infrastructure, and a cholera outbreak.
Rwanda is also accused of providing refuge to individuals suspected of serious crimes, including Laurent Nkunda, the former leader of the National Congress for the Defense of the People. This rebel group was involved in the Kivu conflict, an armed struggle against the Congolese military.
The DRC seeks reparations, withdrawal of Rwandan troops, and an end to support for the M23, highlighting longstanding tensions with significant implications for regional stability.
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