Sub-Saharan Africa
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Inflation in Nigeria Becomes Highest in Africa and Fourth Highest Globally, Study Shows

© Getty Images / Olukayode Jaiyeola/NurPhotoA man who sell tomatoes/onions pose for a portrait at Mile 12 market in Lagos, food prices remain high despite drop in inflation rate to 17.93% in May 2021, on July 7, 2021.
A man who sell tomatoes/onions pose for a portrait at Mile 12 market in Lagos, food prices remain high despite drop in inflation rate to 17.93% in May 2021, on July 7, 2021. - Sputnik Africa, 1920, 28.01.2025
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In 2024, Nigeria's economy was notably affected by the ongoing mismatch between fiscal and monetary policies. While monetary policy concentrated on curbing inflation, fiscal policy aimed to stimulate overall demand and drive economic growth. This divergence not only impeded growth but also exacerbated existing macroeconomic imbalances.
The inflation rate in Nigeria reached the highest values in Africa at 34.8% in December of the previous year and ranked fourth in the world in this indicator.

"The surge was driven by high food prices, elevated energy prices, and transportation costs amid rising security challenges, which contributed to the disruption of supply chains," read the 2025 Macroeconomic Outlook Report by the Nigerian Economic Summit Group, a non-profit, non-partisan, private-sector-led think tank.

Only Argentina, Palestine, and Turkey have higher monthly inflation rates.
A woman walks past a stand loaded with Eko Rice as the Lagos State Ministry of Agriculture and Food Systems concludes activities for the 2024 World Food Day, tagged Eko World Food Day, with a fair and parade of produce by farmers from different local government areas of the state at Police College in Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria, on October 16, 2024. - Sputnik Africa, 1920, 12.01.2025
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High inflation has resulted in a decrease in GDP growth from 3.5% in 2020 to 3.2% at the end of 2024, which is insufficient to improve living standards or significantly reduce poverty, according to the report.
The government has set a target to achieve 4.4% GDP growth, which implies an 80% increase in the number of self-employed individuals and a 20% increase in those employed by others. This requires favorable economic conditions, including increased oil sales, the resumption of oil refining, and the expansion of agricultural production.
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