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History of NATO Expansion & Military Operations Bloc Participated in

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The North Atlantic Treaty Organization marks its 75th anniversary this year, having been established in 1949. Over the years, NATO has gradually expanded, moving closer to Russia's borders in successive waves.
NATO has expanded many times in its history. Before the collapse of the USSR, there were three waves of expansion – in 1952 (Greece and Turkiye), in 1955 (West Germany, since 1991 – the united Federal Republic of Germany), in 1982 (Spain). After 1991, the number of members of the military-political bloc increased dramatically – from 16 to 30. The most recent expansion of the alliance took place in 2023 and 2024, when Finland and Sweden joined NATO.
Take a look at Sputnik's infographic to see how NATO has expanded and which major military operations it has participated in:
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