Tablets Unearthed in Turkey Reveal Previously Unknown Indo-European Language

© AP Photo / Andreas Schachner / Deutsches Archäologisches InstitutAt this excavation site at the foot of Ambarlikaya in Boğazköy-Hattusha in Turkiye, a cuneiform tablet with a previously unknown Indo-European language was discovered. Credit:
At this excavation site at the foot of Ambarlikaya in Boğazköy-Hattusha in Turkiye, a cuneiform tablet with a previously unknown Indo-European language was discovered. Credit:  - Sputnik Africa, 1920, 23.09.2023
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The script is still being deciphered, and scholars expect it to yield valuable insights into Anatolia's rich late Bronze Age linguistic history.
An astonishing discovery has emerged from the ongoing excavation efforts at the UNESCO World Heritage Site, Bogazkoy-Hattusha, in north-central Turkey.
This historical site, once the capital of the formidable Hittite Empire during the Late Bronze Age, has been a treasure trove of ancient artifacts for over a century. However, this year's excavation has unveiled an unexpected find – a previously unknown Indo-European language.
Professor Daniel Schwemer, a renowned expert in the ancient Near East, has taken a lead role in investigating this remarkable discovery. The language, tentatively referred to as the "Kalasma language," was stumbled upon within a Hittite ritual text at the excavation site.

The Hittite Empire, known for its fascination with recording rituals in foreign languages, left behind an intricate linguistic tapestry that sheds light on the diverse linguistic landscapes of Late Bronze Age Anatolia.

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Though the Kalasmaic text remains largely incomprehensible due to its recent discovery, Elisabeth Rieken, a professor of Marburg University and specialist in ancient Anatolian languages, has identified it as belonging to the Anatolian-Indo-European language family.

Bogazkoy-Hattusha's vast archives have already yielded texts in Luwian and Palaic, two Anatolian-Indo-European languages closely related to Hittite, as well as Hattic, a non-Indo-European language. Now, the enigmatic Kalasma language joins this linguistic mosaic.

Notably, despite its geographic proximity to Palaic-speaking regions, the Kalasma language appears to share more linguistic features with Luwian, raising intriguing questions about its precise classification.
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