African Currents

'Galamsey': How Ghana Is Tackling Illegal Artisanal Mining

Unregulated gold extraction in Ghana sustains livelihoods but devastates the environment, causing deforestation, water pollution, and land degradation. Despite measures taken by the government, nipping the problem in the bud still demands sustainable solutions to balance economic needs with environmental protection.
Sputnik
Strong political will and commitment are essential to effectively tackling unregulated mining. A temporary halt to activities is necessary for the government to assess the situation, conduct a stakeholder analysis, and involve all relevant actors—including organized labor, security services, and local communities—to ensure effective governance, notes Colonel Festus B. Aboagye (retired), a distinguished Ghanaian consultant, author, and former Executive Director of the African Peace Support Trainers Association (APSTA), while speaking to Sputnik Africa.

"My sense is that in governance, as in any enterprise, the fundamental requirement is for political will and political commitment. We have the regulations in place. In fact, as an individual, I don't think we need any additional regulation in managing the environment. But given the scale and the scale and the impact of "galamsey" on society, I belong to the school of thought which says that, there must be a temporary halt in order that the government can, you know, effectively assess the situation. We need stakeholder engagement [...]. Now, whatever the composition of that stakeholder engagement is, I have suggested in my policy brief that there has to be a stakeholder analysis in order to determine who these actors that can help the government or the state, to fight against illegal mining," Aboagye says.

However, Mr. Wisdom Edem Gomashie, Special Assistant to the Deputy Minister of Lands & Natural Resources, Ghana, shares that the artisanal mining sector is crucial to Ghana's gold production, but illegal mining, fueled by poverty and unemployment, is being tackled through government interventions.

"When you come to Ghana and you're looking at the players in Ghana's mining industry, we have the large-scale and small-scale mining sectors. The statistics are so clear that currently, the artisanal small-scale mining sector is contributing an average of 40 percent to the total gold produced in-country [...]. [Illegal mining in Ghana] It’s been underpinned by some driving factors, which are; you go to the mining catchment communities. I would say some level of poverty is told in those areas. There is some level of unemployment situation which is driving this. Some would people say greed is driving this, but the majority of these concerns are tied to livelihood issues [...]. The government of the day has initiated some measures, at least from the last seven years, deployed military to bring this [illegal mining activities] down. So, the government has had more engagements than ever," Gomashie explains.

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